Recognized as one of the leading references on the spine, this comprehensive text brings together experts from around the world to discuss the full scope of spinal surgery. This edition presents expanded coverage of all aspects of spinal surgery including cervical, thoracic and lumbar spine; adult and pediatric; degenerative, deformity, tumors, fractures, infections and more. It also discusses indications, conditions, surgical technique, pre- and postoperative care and possible complications. Highly visual, this text contains 700 new illustrations