A Text-Book of Thermodynamics: With Special Reference to Chemistry (Classic Reprint)
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Excerpt from A Text-Book of Thermodynamics: With Special Reference to Chemistry
In the following pages I have endeavoured to deduce the principles of Thermodynamics in the simplest possible manner from the two fundamental laws, and to illustrate their applicability by means of a selection of examples. In making the latter, I have had in view more especially the requirements of students of Physical Chemistry, to whom the work is addressed. For this reason chemical problems receive the main consideration, and other branches are either treated briefly, or (as in the case of the technical application to steam and internal combustion engines, the theories of radiation, elasticity, etc.) are not included at all. The arrangement of material adopted was the result of careful consideration, and it is hoped that the particular utility of the various methods in the treatment of special problems has been made apparent. It is of course unlikely that this arrangement will meet with agreement in all quarters, but it seemed to me to offer advantages over a strictly uniform treatment in that the reader will thereby see more clearly the connection between the various methods, and hence his subsequent study of these in the original literature will be rendered easier. On the one hand, the student has been informed by some writers that the only certain way lies in the use of the entropy-function and the thermodynamic potentials; on the other hand, he is told with equal authority that the method used by the original investigators has been the consideration of cyclic processes, and that the former method is nothing hut a mathematical (perhaps unnecessary) refinement of the results obtained by the latter. These extreme attitudes appear to me to be unfortunate, and more especially when one observes the physical clearness introduced by the use of cyclic processes, hut at the same time remembers that most of the results obtained by separate investigators using cyclic processes had, with a great many more, previously been found by J. Willard Gibbs by means of a purely analytical method.
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This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
In the following pages I have endeavoured to deduce the principles of Thermodynamics in the simplest possible manner from the two fundamental laws, and to illustrate their applicability by means of a selection of examples. In making the latter, I have had in view more especially the requirements of students of Physical Chemistry, to whom the work is addressed. For this reason chemical problems receive the main consideration, and other branches are either treated briefly, or (as in the case of the technical application to steam and internal combustion engines, the theories of radiation, elasticity, etc.) are not included at all. The arrangement of material adopted was the result of careful consideration, and it is hoped that the particular utility of the various methods in the treatment of special problems has been made apparent. It is of course unlikely that this arrangement will meet with agreement in all quarters, but it seemed to me to offer advantages over a strictly uniform treatment in that the reader will thereby see more clearly the connection between the various methods, and hence his subsequent study of these in the original literature will be rendered easier. On the one hand, the student has been informed by some writers that the only certain way lies in the use of the entropy-function and the thermodynamic potentials; on the other hand, he is told with equal authority that the method used by the original investigators has been the consideration of cyclic processes, and that the former method is nothing hut a mathematical (perhaps unnecessary) refinement of the results obtained by the latter. These extreme attitudes appear to me to be unfortunate, and more especially when one observes the physical clearness introduced by the use of cyclic processes, hut at the same time remembers that most of the results obtained by separate investigators using cyclic processes had, with a great many more, previously been found by J. Willard Gibbs by means of a purely analytical method.
About the Publisher
Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com
This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
